Floor insulation can take many forms depending on the structure and use of the building. It is very important when the floor is adjacent to the outside air from below or to an unheated space. When it borders with a heated space, sound insulation is also important so that the inhabitants of the space below are not disturbed, but thermal insulation is also important for reasons of economy if it is the same house, but also for reasons of fairness in the distribution of the common costs of heating and cooling energy if it is different apartments. Depending on the floor covering and the type of heating and cooling, the choice of thermal insulation materials changes. Η thermal insulation of a floor is differentiated depending on the type, which are: The thermal insulation layer is proposed to be placed under the reinforced concrete bearing slab in the pilotis, whether it is a new or existing construction. In new construction the thermal insulation layer is placed on the formwork from the outset and with the pouring and curing of the concrete it becomes one body with it. In existing construction, thermal insulation under the load-bearing slab is also the easiest solution as it allows building work to be carried out without interrupting the use of the house. In this case, the thermal insulation materials are glued to the slab with special bonding mortars and afterwards mechanical fixing with plugs is applied. Placing the insulating layer under the slab allows the thermal capacity of the overlying solid layers (load-bearing slab, floor filling and floor coverings) to be exploited. The thermal insulation of the pilotis is as important as that of the roof or the roof and the thicknesses required by the KENAK are the same. Insufficient thermal insulation of the pilotis due to low outside temperature in the winter period leads to low floor temperatures which in turn leads to very low "thermal comfort" because the lower body extremities have a lower temperature than the rest of the body. This is avoided by using underfloor heating. The beams of the underfloor space, if not insulated around the perimeter, will become thermal bridges with all the known consequences. For this reason, it is recommended that the thermal insulation material be placed from the outset on the formwork, not only on the surfaces of the slabs, but also on all the surfaces of the beams and even on the ground floor supports. In the thermal insulation of pilotis it is recommended to use graphite Expanded Polystyrene NEOCOAT BT EPS 150, ISOPLAK BT EPS 150, ISOPOR EPS 150 and ISOCOAT BT EPS 80 in the appropriate thickness according to the KENAK. Alternatively, the composite panel of NEOPOR Expanded Polystyrene graphite and anodised plasterboard can be used. KNAUF the well-known BETOBOARD. If KNAUF BETOBOARD is chosen as a thermal insulation material, then it can form the formwork of the construction and then remain and not detach. In the intermediate slabs of any structure, whether multi-family or single-family, there are heated spaces on either side so the insulation requirements are lower and it is used to cover losses from heating or cooling of each space. But what is more important in these spaces is the sound insulation required to limit the "pollution" from walking, moving objects and the general use of each space. There are 3 types of flooring: For the thermal insulation of nailed wooden floors it is important to fill the gaps between the skids to eliminate the noise caused by the drumming created by the floor by stepping or falling objects and to place elastic gaskets that isolate the parquet from the skids or the skids from the slab, i.e. to make the floor floating. It is recommended to use the filling of special granules of Expanded Polystyrene (EPS) STYROFILL, in order to have a satisfactory performance in thermal insulation without problems from the presence of moisture in the performance of the insulation. In this case the best solution for thermal insulation is the construction of a floating floor. The heating, water, electrical, etc. pipes present in the slab should be covered with a layer of covering and levelling the floor with lightweight concrete to allow for the correct application of the next layer and to eliminate heat and sound bridges. It is recommended to use lightweight concrete prepared with special granules of expanded polystyrene ISOLBETON at a density of 300kg/m3 for the least possible burden on the structure, but also for additional thermal insulation. Before the construction of the floor, soundproofing should be inserted in the skirting boards by means of polyethylene foam strips that allow the floating floor to move for a minimum of 5 mm. The contact between the floor and the skirting board should also be cut off with a sealing whip. This is followed by the installation of the thermal insulator made of special specification SilentFLOOR 045 laminated expanded polystyrene which acts as a dampener for floor vibrations caused by impact noises. Before the cement screed floor is dropped, the thermal insulation layer should be covered with a thin protective layer e.g. 0.1mm polyethylene sheet. The cement mortar or lightweight concrete covering the sound insulating slab should be 4cm thick and reinforced with mesh. On top of this, the tile adhesive is applied if ceramic or marble tiles are used or the parquet is glued on. And in this case the floor is floating as in the case of tiles or glued parquet, but the floor heating layer is added with special nodes and vapor barrier on which the heating pipes are laid before the injection of reinforced cement mortar which in this case must have increased thermal permeability, usually with the addition of metal fibers, which is why it is called thermobeton. The location of the screed, which also acts as your thermal insulation by reducing heating losses under the floor, is over the lightweight concrete with ISOLBETON. For the application of underfloor heating, the special hard pressed plates of self-extruded expanded polystyrene, high density, formed with moulded nodes, ISOFLOOR EPS 200 PLUS, are recommended as thermal insulation sleepers for the pipes. In all 3 cases of intermediate slab floors, if applied on floors above unheated or outdoor areas where no thermal insulation has been made from the underside of the supporting slab, the thermal insulation of the floor can be improved by adding a high density and compression resistant thermal insulation material under the thermal insulation layer. In this case, of course, the thermal capacity of the bearing plate is not exploited, but only that of the floor. It is recommended to use graphite expanded polystyrene NEOCOAT TX EPS 100 or ISOPLAK TX EPS 120 or ISOPOR EPS 150 in the appropriate thickness according to KENAK. With a parquet floor: With underfloor: In the case of a ground floor, which rests on the ground, care should be taken to protect the materials against ground moisture by the proper placement of the waterproofing layer. On top of the soil, gravel and stone mortar of about 20 cm thickness is laid, which interrupts the continuity of the capillaries of the soil. In the case of lithic screed, a sheet of polyethylene will prevent the concrete from penetrating the gaps in the lithic screed. A concrete slab of cleanliness concrete is then laid. A waterproofing layer consisting of two or more layers of bituminous membranes shall be placed on top of the smoothing layer. A layer of geotextile protects the waterproofing layer from overlays. Then the thermal insulation layer is placed and on top of it the reinforced concrete load-bearing slab. On top of the slab, an equalizing filling layer is added, overlapping water supply networks, sewage systems, etc. with lightweight concrete prepared with special granules of expanded polystyrene ISOLBETON at a density of 800kg/m3 for the least possible burden on the structure, but also for additional thermal insulation. For the thermal insulation layer it is recommended to use graphite expanded polystyrene NEOCOAT BT EPS 150, ISOPLAK BT EPS 120, ISOPOR EPS 150 and ISOCOAT BT EPS 80 in the appropriate thickness according to the KENAK. The floor insulation above a basement unheated room is done in the same way as in the pilotis. It is placed under the load-bearing slab to exploit the thermal capacity of the space in both new and existing buildings. It is recommended the use of NEOCOAT BT EPS 150, ISOPLAK BT EPS 120, ISOPOR EPS 150 and ISOCOAT BT EPS 80 graphite expanded polystyrene in the appropriate thickness according to the KENAK. Alternatively, the use of the composite panel of NEOPOR expanded polystyrene graphite and KNAUF drywall known as BETOBOARD can be used. If KNAUF BETOBOARD is chosen as the thermal insulation material, then it can form the construction formwork and then remain and not peel off.
Applications
flooring
Floor thermal insulation
Application
Pilotis floor
XLS PDF DXF
Floor
intermediate plate
XLS
XLS
Floor
on the ground
XLS PDF DXF
Finally, the final coating is applied (e.g. tiles bonded with pressed cement mortar or adhesive).
Floor
above basement level
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